México alberga el mayor santuario de cactus del mundo con más de 50 especies

06/12/2017/EFE/EA

Un modesto cartel de «Bienvenidos» en español e inglés marca el inicio de seis hectáreas repletas de cactus de más de 50 especies en medio del desierto mexicano. Es el único santuario de cactáceas de México y su tamaño lo hace único en el mundo.

Localizado a una hora de La Paz, capital del occidental estado de Baja California Sur, el santuario dispone de acceso libre para todo tipo de visitantes, a quienes ofrece fenómenos biológicos singulares de la planta mexicana más icónica.

«Hay una variedad muy grande de cactáceas. Entre ellas tenemos los cardones y la pita, que son de aquí de la región. También tenemos periskiopis, que la gente la conoce como alcager, que es una especie que está protegida y que se encuentra en el santuario», aseguró a Efe Lorena Muñoz, bióloga del santuario.

La alta densidad de cactus y los gigantescos tamaños de algunas plantas generan un ambiente frondoso que sorprende a los visitantes del santuario.

«El ecosistema es diferente aquí. Es una selva en el desierto, la vegetación es gigante y está entrelazada. Las cactáceas viven más tiempo porque se protegen entre ellas», sostuvo Demetrio González, guía del santuario.

Otras especies de árbol como mezquites y palo verde también habitan aquí, lo que protege a los cactus de fenómenos naturales como huracanes y los fuertes rayos de sol del desierto.

En el santuario se han encontrado plantas con más de 500 años y cactáceas con mutaciones genéticas que han generado espectaculares formas y tamaños en los organismos.

«Un cactus con ciertas malformaciones o mutaciones que se encuentra aquí es lo que más llama la atención a las personas que vienen a visitarnos», relató la bióloga.

La mayoría de turistas que acuden al santuario son de origen europeo, puesto que los cactus no son comunes en dicho continente, y realizan recorridos durante los que tienen contacto directo con la flora silvestre.

«Si vienen de Europa para ellos es novedad todo. Entonces tienen una visita confortable con opción de tomar fotos, hacer las preguntas que quieran y nadie se va decepcionado de aquí cuando hacen un recorrido», comentó el guía.

Si los 20 años de historia del santuario han sido posible, esto es gracias a que la mano del hombre no ha interferido en el desarrollo natural de las cactáceas.

«Las seis hectáreas están delimitadas y eso ha permitido que el lugar no haya sido perturbado y la mano del hombre no haya ingresado. El sistema se ha ido regenerando y se ha mantenido virgen en este aspecto», señaló Muñoz.

Los rancheros de la zona son conscientes de la importancia del microsistema y colaboran para preservar el lugar, limpiando y manteniendo en buen estado lo senderos de acceso al santuario.

«Hemos aprendido a conservar la zona, todo lo referente al santuario, que es una cosa muy bonita, ojalá que sigan viniendo turistas», explicó el ranchero Jesús Martínez.

Entre los más de 1.000 ejemplares del santuario, destaca el cactus más alto del mundo, con 19 metros de altura y un metro de anchura, que contribuye a la singularidad de este santuario único.

[staff_social]

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